How to recover deleted files on Mac

Complete guide with multiple methods and troubleshooting.

7-10 min read
Expert Verified
Last Updated: August 2025

Quick Answer

To recover deleted files on a Mac, users can utilize the built-in Trash feature, Time Machine backups, or third-party recovery software. Each method varies in complexity and effectiveness depending on the situation.

Beginner/Intermediate⏱ 7-10 min read

Prerequisites & Requirements

Before attempting to recover deleted files, ensure you meet the following prerequisites.
  • •macOS version: Ensure your Mac is running macOS Sierra (10.12) or later for Time Machine functionality.
  • •Permissions: Admin access may be required to recover files from certain directories.
  • •Tools: Have access to a Time Machine backup drive if using Time Machine.
  • •Backup: Always back up current data before attempting recovery to avoid overwriting recoverable files.

Method 1: Recovering from Trash

This method is the simplest and should be the first step taken when files are deleted. If the file was recently deleted, it will likely be in the Trash.
  • •Step 1: Click on the 'Trash' icon located in the Dock at the bottom of your screen.
  • •Step 2: Browse through the files in the Trash window. Right-click on the file you want to recover.
  • •Step 3: Select 'Put Back' from the context menu. The file will be restored to its original location.
  • •Step 4: Verify the recovery by navigating to the original location of the file.

For macOS Ventura (13) and later

In macOS Ventura and later, the Trash interface has been updated slightly.
  • •Step 1: Open the Trash by clicking on the icon in the Dock.
  • •Step 2: Use the search bar at the top right to quickly find your deleted file.
  • •Step 3: Right-click and select 'Put Back' to restore the file.

For macOS Monterey (12) and earlier

The Trash interface remains largely unchanged in Monterey and earlier versions.
  • •Step 1: Open the Trash by clicking the icon in the Dock.
  • •Step 2: Locate your deleted file, right-click it, and select 'Put Back'.

Method 2: Using Time Machine

Time Machine is a built-in backup feature that allows users to restore files from a specific point in time. This method is effective if the file is not in the Trash.
  • •Step 1: Connect your Time Machine backup drive to your Mac.
  • •Step 2: Open the folder where the deleted file was originally located.
  • •Step 3: Click on the Time Machine icon in the menu bar and select 'Enter Time Machine'.
  • •Step 4: Use the timeline on the right side of the screen to navigate to a date before the file was deleted.
  • •Step 5: Locate the file, select it, and click 'Restore'.
  • •Step 6: Verify the file is restored to its original location.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

If recovery methods do not work, consider the following solutions.
  • •Error: 'File not found' - Solution: Ensure you are looking in the correct folder or check other backup locations.
  • •Issue: Time Machine not showing backups - Fix: Ensure the backup drive is connected and properly formatted (APFS or HFS+).
  • •Problem: Trash is empty - Workaround: If you have no Time Machine backup, consider using third-party recovery software.

Advanced Tips & Shortcuts

Enhance your file recovery process with these tips.
  • •Keyboard shortcut: Command + Shift + Delete - Empty the Trash quickly.
  • •Command line: Use 'tmutil' in Terminal to manage Time Machine backups.
  • •Hidden feature: Enable 'Show Library Folder' in Finder preferences to access hidden files.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Avoid these common pitfalls:

Expert Tips

Regular backups using Time Machine are the best way to prevent data loss and simplify recovery.