How to reset SMC and NVRAM on Mac

Complete guide with multiple methods and troubleshooting

7-10 min read
Expert Verified
Last Updated: August 2025

Quick Answer

Resetting the SMC (System Management Controller) and NVRAM (Non-Volatile Random Access Memory) on a Mac can resolve various hardware-related issues and system settings problems. This guide provides detailed steps for performing these resets across different Mac models and macOS versions.

Medium⏱ 7-10 min read

Prerequisites & Requirements

Before resetting the SMC and NVRAM, ensure you have the following:
  • •A Mac computer (specific models vary for SMC reset methods).
  • •macOS version 10.6 or later for NVRAM reset.
  • •Administrative access to the Mac.
  • •Backup important data using Time Machine or another backup solution.

Method 1: Resetting NVRAM

This method is applicable for all Intel-based Macs and is useful for resolving issues related to system settings.
  • •Step 1: Shut down your Mac completely.
  • •Step 2: Turn on your Mac and immediately press and hold the Option (⌥), Command (⌘), P, and R keys together.
  • •Step 3: Keep holding the keys for about 20 seconds. You may hear the startup sound twice or see the Apple logo appear and disappear twice.
  • •Step 4: Release the keys and allow your Mac to boot normally. Verify that settings like display resolution and sound volume are restored to your preferences.
  • •Step 5: If the issue persists, repeat the process or consider additional troubleshooting steps.

For macOS Monterey and later

The process remains the same, but ensure your Mac is updated to the latest version for optimal performance.
  • •Ensure your Mac is connected to power during the reset.
  • •Check System Preferences > Sound to verify volume settings after the reset.

For macOS Big Sur and earlier

Similar steps apply, but be aware that some settings may differ based on older macOS features.
  • •If using a MacBook, ensure the battery is charged above 50% before performing the reset.

Method 2: Resetting SMC

SMC reset is useful for resolving power-related issues, battery problems, and thermal management.
  • •Step 1: Shut down your Mac.
  • •Step 2: For MacBooks with a T2 chip (2018 models and later), press and hold the Control (⌃), Option (⌥), and Shift (⇧) keys on the left side of the built-in keyboard, along with the power button, for 10 seconds.
  • •Step 3: Release all keys and turn on your Mac.
  • •Step 4: For MacBooks without a T2 chip, press Shift (⇧) + Control (⌃) + Option (⌥) on the left side and the power button for 10 seconds, then release and turn on.
  • •Step 5: For Mac desktops, unplug the power cord, wait 15 seconds, plug it back in, wait another 5 seconds, and then turn it on.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

If resetting SMC or NVRAM does not resolve your issue, consider the following:
  • •Error: 'No changes made' - Solution: Ensure you are holding the keys for the correct duration and try again.
  • •Issue: Mac does not boot after reset - Fix: Check for hardware issues or try resetting SMC again.
  • •Problem: Settings revert after restart - Workaround: Manually adjust settings in System Preferences after reset.

Advanced Tips & Shortcuts

Enhance your Mac experience with these tips:
  • •Keyboard shortcut: Command (⌘) + Space - Opens Spotlight for quick access to apps and settings.
  • •Command line: sudo nvram -c - Clears NVRAM settings via Terminal.
  • •Hidden feature: Safe Mode - Boot into Safe Mode by holding Shift (⇧) during startup to troubleshoot issues.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Avoid these common pitfalls:

Expert Tips

Regularly resetting SMC and NVRAM can help maintain optimal performance and resolve persistent issues.